Possessive adjectives are used to show ownership.
mi libro – my book
tu pluma – your pen
There are five possessive adjectives.
mi
tu
su
nuestro
vuestro
Three possessive adjectives (mi, tu, su) have only two forms, singular and plural.
mi
mis
tu
tus
su
sus
Possessive adjectives agree with the nouns they modify. That is, they agree with the thing possessed, not the possessor.
mi libro – my book
mis libros – my books
tu pluma – your pen
tus plumas – your pens
Mi, tu and su do not have masculine and feminine forms. They stay the same, regardless of the gender of the nouns they modify.
mi amigo
mi amiga
tus hermanos
tus hermanas
su libro
sus plumas
Mi means “my” ; tu means “your.”
Mi casa es tu casa. – My house is your house.
Su, like tu, can mean “your.” The difference between your (tu) and your (su) lies in the degree of formality the speaker wishes to convey.
Mi casa es tu casa.
(speaking to someone you would address as “tú”)
Mi casa es su casa.
(speaking to someone you would address as “usted”)
Note: The two words “tu” and “tú” are pronounced the same. Tú (with the written accent) is the subject pronoun meaning “you” (informal). Tu (without the written accent) is the possessive adjective meaning “your” (informal).
Su has four meanings: his, her, their and your (formal).
María busca a su hermana. – María is looking for her sister.
Juan busca a su hermana. – Juan is looking for his sister.
Ellos buscan a su hermana. – They are looking for their sister.
Su madre busca a su hermana. – Your mother is looking for your sister.
If the meaning of su is not clear from the context of the sentence, a prepositional phrase is used in place of su.
María busca a la hermana de él. – María looks for his sister.
El hombre busca las llaves de ella. – The man looks for her keys.
María busca el cuaderno de Juan. – María looks for Juan’s notebook.
El hombre busca las llaves de Samanta. – The man looks for Samanta’s keys.
Two possessive adjectives (nuestro and vuestro) have four forms.
nuestro
nuestra
nuestros
nuestras
vuestro
vuestra
vuestros
vuestras
Nuestro means “our.”
nuestro hermano – our brother
nuestra hermana – our sister
nuestros hermanos – our brothers
nuestras hermanas – our sisters
Vuestro means “your” (familiar, plural). Like vosotros, vuestro is primarily used in Spain.
vuestro libro – your book
vuestra pluma – your pen
vuestros libros – your books
vuestras plumas – your pens
Here are all of the possessive adjectives:
mi(s) – my
tu(s) – your (fam. sing.)
su(s) – his, her, your (formal), their
nuestro(-a, -os, -as) – our
vuestro(-a, -os, -as) – your (fam. pl.)
Note that these possessive adjectives are not used with articles of clothing or body parts. Rather, the definite article is used.
Me gusta el vestido nuevo. – I like my new dress
Me duele el brazo. – My arm hurts.
Links
http://www.ielanguages.com/spanish1.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUaX5OqTEzE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJWcM1NcEGE
Next: 021 Spanish To Do or Make
Word Document at: 020 Spanish Possessive Adjectives
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