Anthropology Terminology

Anthropology Terminology Hugh Fox

 

1                                                                )   Adaptive Strategies      Cohen’s typology includes these five adaptive strategies: foraging,   horticulture, agriculture, pastoralism, and industrialism.
     2      ) Animism T      he religious   worldview that natural physical entities—including animals, plants, and often   even inanimate objects or phenomena—possess a spiritual essence.
3           ) Anthropology      Anthropology is the study of humankind through   social and biological perspectives.
          4) Band Society       A band society is   the simplest form of human society. A band generally consists of a small kin   group, no larger than an extended family or clan; one definition sees a band   as consisting of no more than 100 individuals.
          5) Big Man A Big Man refers to a highly influential individual in   a tribe, especially in Melanesia and Polynesia.
          6) Chiefdoms Chiefdom is a form of hierarchical political   organization in non-industrial societies usually based on kinship, and in   which formal leadership is monopolized by the legitimate senior members of   select families or ‘houses’.
          7) Cultural Relativism      The view that culture is relative and trying   to understand and respect cultures from their perspective
          8) Culture      Culture refers   to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values,   attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial   relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions   acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual   and group striving.
     9) Enculturation      Enculturation is the process by which people learn the   requirements of their surrounding culture and acquire values and behaviors   appropriate or necessary in that culture.
10) Ethnocentrism      Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the   values and standards of one’s own culture.
               11) Ethnography      Ethnography is a qualitative research design aimed at   exploring cultural phenomena.
          12) Pastoralism Pastoralism is the branch of agriculture concerned with   the raising of livestock.
     13) Potlatch A potlatch is a gift-giving festival and primary economic   system practiced by indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of   Canada and United States.
          14) Shaman A shaman is a person regarded as having access to, and   influence in, the world of benevolent and malevolent spirits, who typically   enters into a trance state during a ritual, and practices divination and healing.
               15) Totemism      Totemism is a system of belief in which each human is   thought to have a spiritual connection or a kinship with another physical   being, such as an animal or plant, often called a “spirit-being” or   “totem.”

 

Worksheet at:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/160692880/Anthropology-Terminology

Flashcards at:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/160694049/Anthropology-Terminology-Flashcards

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