| 1 ) Adaptive Strategies | Cohen’s typology includes these five adaptive strategies: foraging, horticulture, agriculture, pastoralism, and industrialism. |
| 2 ) Animism | T he religious worldview that natural physical entities—including animals, plants, and often even inanimate objects or phenomena—possess a spiritual essence. |
| 3 ) Anthropology | Anthropology is the study of humankind through social and biological perspectives. |
| 4) Band Society | A band society is the simplest form of human society. A band generally consists of a small kin group, no larger than an extended family or clan; one definition sees a band as consisting of no more than 100 individuals. |
| 5) Big Man | A Big Man refers to a highly influential individual in a tribe, especially in Melanesia and Polynesia. |
| 6) Chiefdoms | Chiefdom is a form of hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies usually based on kinship, and in which formal leadership is monopolized by the legitimate senior members of select families or ‘houses’. |
| 7) Cultural Relativism | The view that culture is relative and trying to understand and respect cultures from their perspective |
| 8) Culture | Culture refers to the cumulative deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving. |
| 9) Enculturation | Enculturation is the process by which people learn the requirements of their surrounding culture and acquire values and behaviors appropriate or necessary in that culture. |
| 10) Ethnocentrism | Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one’s own culture. |
| 11) Ethnography | Ethnography is a qualitative research design aimed at exploring cultural phenomena. |
| 12) Pastoralism | Pastoralism is the branch of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock. |
| 13) Potlatch | A potlatch is a gift-giving festival and primary economic system practiced by indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of Canada and United States. |
| 14) Shaman | A shaman is a person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of benevolent and malevolent spirits, who typically enters into a trance state during a ritual, and practices divination and healing. |
| 15) Totemism | Totemism is a system of belief in which each human is thought to have a spiritual connection or a kinship with another physical being, such as an animal or plant, often called a “spirit-being” or “totem.” |
Worksheet at:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/160692880/Anthropology-Terminology
Flashcards at:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/160694049/Anthropology-Terminology-Flashcards
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